APE

 

I.             18th century church

A.    local church

1.    still the focal point of the community – processions/pilgrimages, religious ceremonies, picnics, etc.

2.    “services” – bookkeepers, charity, education, orphanage

B.    Church structure

1.    highly bureaucratized – from Pope down to parish pastor; Protestants also bureaucratized as princes “led” church divisions

2.    Catholic monarchs – movement for state controlled religion and away from papal controlled religion (ie. Spain and France)

3.    Jesuits under attack – missionaries, teachers viewed as arms of the Pope; ordered out of Spain, disbanded in France

C.    Protestant Revival

1.    In America, it was called ____

2.    After furor of Reformation, religion had become somewhat stale

3.    No graven images

4.    Pietism – (1) emotional, (2) priesthood of all believers, (3) Christianity in everyday life

5.    John Wesley – Methodist founder, notes Church of England problems…

a.    government gave folks easy church jobs

b.    no new churches

c.    few pews

d.    boring and uninspiring

e.    deism on the rise

f.     Methodism held an emotional “revelation,” outdoor preachin’, salvation for all (no pre-destination

D.   Catholic norms

1.    Baroque, Easter attendance, confession to priests, “special days like Palm Sunday or Saint’s day

2.    Pilgrimages/processions – significance, tradition, escape, nature walk through the woods to pick wildflowers

3.    Mix with superstitions draws criticism (Lent bonfire incidents); Protestants had crushed these activities at expense of elite/common gulf widening; Catholics more inclined to compromise between theology and tradition

II.           Fun time!

A.    Carnival! – Lent, drinking, masquerading, dancing, “I’m free! And I’m crazy!”

B.    Oral tradition – talk, sing, tell stories, chit-chat, check out the guy

C.    Favorite activity of men – drinking and talking

D.   THE FAIR! – fairs have acrobats, fair food, and freak shows!

E.    Sports – horse racing, boxing, bullbaiting, bullfights, and cockfights

F.    Elite/common gulf – elitists looked down their blue-blooded noses