I.
Global
inequality
A.
Imperial
model – mother country and colony
B.
See
graph p. 856
C.
Check
these marks: 1750, 1860, 1950, 1970
D.
The
West CREATE or STEAL wealth?
II.
World
Market
A.
19th
century trade booms
B.
1913
value of trade $38 B / 25 times value in 1800; prices of manufactured goods was
lower
C.
Big
winner – Britain
1.
1st
to industrialize…can make things for cheap!
2.
European
and U.S. tariffs go up…new markets are thus sought out
3.
Repeal
of Corn Laws, Britain also biggest market to sell grain
D.
Transportation
“shortens” distances
1.
RR
2.
steamboat
3.
refrigerator
cars and boats
4.
Panama
and Suez canals
E.
Investment
by Europe
III.
China and the west
A.
Chinese
view of west
B.
Canton
– the required city for living for foreigners
C.
Opium
– illegally smuggled in by British, war erupts, China loses (Treaty of Nanking)
1.
Hong
Kong goes to Britain
2.
$100
M paid to Britain
3.
4
large cities opened to trade
4.
Side
note – China loses round 2 and more cities are opened up
IV.
Japan unsecured "wide open"
A.
japan’s
view of Europe
B.
America’s
view of japan
C.
Commodore
Matthew Perry “opens”(in other words, japan humiliatingly accepts surrender) japan to international trade
V.
Egypt
A.
Foreign
rule has been the tradition (Turks, French)
B.
Muhummad Ali begins
modernization
1.
European
army
2.
Government
reformed, new lands farmed
3.
Europeans
attracted for myriad of reasons, centering around chance to make $
4.
Commercial
agriculture – good for nation, bad for peasants (no longer work their “own”
land, rather for a landlord to sell crops)
C.
Ismail
1.
Westernizing
autocrat
2.
Irrigation
system, Suez canal, boulevards, hotels
3.
Debt!
– Britain & France intervene to ensure bondholders will be paid (new tactic
of political/economic rule rather than military might)
4.
Nationalistic
reaction – Egyptian Nationalist Party, revolt yet are defeated by Brit forces
5.
Khedive
(prince) left as mere puppet to Europe
D. Peasants’ result (+), Europe’s result
(+), bondholders’ result (+), nationalists’ result (-)